PCI passthrough allows PCI devices to appear and behave as if they were physically attached to the guest operating system when using KVM and Xen hypervisors.
KVM and Xen hypervisors support attaching PCI devices on the host system to guests. PCI passthrough allows guests to have exclusive access to PCI devices for a range of tasks. PCI passthrough allows PCI devices to appear and behave as if they were physically attached to the guest operating system.
Both Intel and AMD provide support for device passthrough in their newer processor architectures (in addition to new instructions that assist the hypervisor). Intel calls its option Virtualization Technology for Directed I/O (VT-d), while AMD refers to I/O Memory Management Unit (IOMMU).