92

When I am looking to create a new partition table, I have the following options:

  • aix
  • amiga
  • bsd
  • dvh
  • gpt
  • mac
  • msdos
  • pc98
  • sun
  • loop

The default in gparted appears to be msdos which I guess is an 'MBR' partition table. However gpt is more recent, but has less Windows support. I've used Linux for a long time, but I've never really looked into partitioning.

What are the various options and their differences? Is there a recommended one for Linux-only disks?

Rahul
  • 13,309
  • 3
  • 43
  • 54

2 Answers2

83

The options correspond to the various partitioning systems supported in libparted; there's not much documentation, but looking at the source code:

  • aix provides support for the volumes used in IBM’s AIX (which introduced what we now know as LVM);
  • amiga provides support for the Amiga’s RDB partitioning scheme;
  • bsd provides support for BSD disk labels;
  • dvh provides support for SGI disk volume headers;
  • gpt provides support for GUID partition tables;
  • mac provides support for old (pre-GPT) Apple partition tables;
  • msdos provides support for DOS-style MBR partition tables;
  • pc98 provides support for PC-98 partition tables;
  • sun provides support for Sun’s partitioning scheme;
  • loop provides support for raw disk access (loopback-style) — I’m not sure about the uses for this one.

As you can see, the majority of these are for older systems, and you probably won’t need to create a partition table of any type other than gpt or msdos.

For a new disk, I recommend gpt: it allows more partitions, it can be booted even in pre-UEFI systems (using grub), and supports disks larger than 2 TiB (up to 8 ZiB for 512-byte sector disks). Actually, if you don’t need to boot from the disk, I’d recommend not using a partitioning scheme at all and simply adding the whole disk to mdadm, LVM, or a zpool, depending on whether you use LVM (on top of mdadm or not) or ZFS.

Stephen Kitt
  • 411,918
  • 54
  • 1,065
  • 1,164
  • 1
    +1. If you add an entire disk to a zfsonlinux pool, it will create two gpt partitions, an ashift-aligned partition 1 with the bulk of the disk, and a small partition 9 at the end of the disk for the [EFI System Partition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EFI_System_partition). As with MBR, there is enough space before the start of partition 1 for a boot-loader like grub. – cas Jun 14 '16 at 03:06
  • 13
    Could you explain more in detail, why you "recommend not using a partitioning scheme" if the drive is not required for booting? Why is it better to have no partition table at all? – Jonas Stein Feb 03 '19 at 10:19
  • 3
    Additional information about NOT creating a partition can be found [here](https://serverfault.com/q/439022/156108) and [here](https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/76593/195117). From what I can tell this is not a good idea and doesn't outweigh the benefit of having a partition just so other utilities and systems will recognize the disk "has something on it" rather than just looking totally empty. – JPhi1618 Sep 04 '20 at 18:14
  • Using `loop` "partition table" destroys any partition table. It's useful when you want to get rid of a `gpt` table, as a `gpt` has 2 tables, the primary, at the first sectors of your drive, and the secondary (backup) table, at the last sectors of your drive. – paladin Apr 21 '22 at 07:49
16

Yes msdos is the Master Boot Record based partioning.

You should either go with msdos or with gpt. You will have to go with gpt if you want more than 7 partitions (unless you want a non-standard MBR, which I don't recommend, you never know what utilities assume the msdos/windows restrictions). You also have to go with gpt if you have drives > 2Tb.

If this is a Linux only disc that will never go into a really old Linux system not supporting gpt, then going with gpt is the easiest.

Anthon
  • 78,313
  • 42
  • 165
  • 222
  • 6
    The old MBR partitioning scheme supports an indefinite length chain of "logical drives" (i.e. secondary partitions) within the "extended partition". This limit of 7 that you state does not come from the partitioning scheme itself, nor indeed (to my knowledge) from any operating systems that handle it. I've had assigned drive letters going a good two thirds of the way to the end of the alphabet in years gone past. The EFI partitioning scheme is definitely the superior choice nowadays, though, in part because all of the befuddlement and folklore about primary and extended partitions goes away. – JdeBP Jun 14 '16 at 08:26