Is there some way to inspect the state of X to get exactly and only a list of compose key shortcuts and what they map to, either as literal keys, for example:
aa å
88 ∞
or as glyph names, for example:
aa Latin Small Letter A with ring above
88 Infinity
or, ideally, a combination.
I'm not using GNOME.
After reading the links in the accepted answer I ended up with the following command:
less "/usr/share/X11/locale/$(grep --max-count=1 "${LANG%.*}.UTF-8\$" /usr/share/X11/locale/locale.dir | cut --delimiter=/ --fields 1)/Compose"