Most Popular

1500 questions
81
votes
11 answers

A stop job is running for Session c2 of user

The following message appears almost every time I shutdown my computer: A stop job is running for Session c2 of user ... (1min 30s) It waits for 1min30s then continues the shutdown process. I follow this systemd shutdown diagnosis guide and get the…
dmn
  • 955
  • 1
  • 10
  • 14
81
votes
12 answers

Why do I have to use sudo for almost everything?

If I understand the Linux philosophy correctly, sudo should be used sparingly, and most operations should be performed as an under-privileged user. But that doesn't seem to make sense, since I'm always having to input sudo, whether I'm managing…
user139248
  • 835
  • 1
  • 6
  • 3
81
votes
7 answers

How can I get bash to exit on backtick failure in a similar way to pipefail?

So I like to harden my bash scripts wherever I can (and when not able to delegate to a language like Python/Ruby) to ensure errors do not go uncaught. In that vein I have a strict.sh, which contains things like: set -e set -u set -o pipefail And…
Danny Staple
  • 2,131
  • 1
  • 15
  • 22
81
votes
2 answers

What do the brackets around processes mean?

$ ps -Awwo pid,comm,args PID COMMAND COMMAND 1 init /sbin/init 2 kthreadd [kthreadd] 3 ksoftirqd/0 [ksoftirqd/0] 5 kworker/u:0 [kworker/u:0] 6 migration/0 [migration/0] 7 cpuset …
joslinm
  • 931
  • 1
  • 7
  • 7
81
votes
5 answers

Why is SIGINT not propagated to child process when sent to its parent process?

Given a shell process (e.g. sh) and its child process (e.g. cat), how can I simulate the behavior of Ctrl+C using the shell's process ID? This is what I've tried: Running sh and then cat: [user@host ~]$ sh sh-4.3$ cat test test Sending SIGINT to…
rob87
  • 813
  • 1
  • 7
  • 6
81
votes
6 answers

Listing packages in Yum that depend on another installed package

I am trying to install a 3rd-party RPM package on RHEL5 which depends on version 3.4 of sqlite. According to Yum I already have 3.3.6 installed. Is there a way to list the installed packages that depend on sqlite 3.3.6?
Rich
  • 4,439
  • 10
  • 33
  • 34
81
votes
11 answers

Split pages in pdf

I have a scanned PDF file in which two different real pages appear together on one virtual page. The resolution is with good quality. The problem is I have to zoom when reading and drag from left to the right. Is there some command (convert, pdftk,…
xralf
  • 16,149
  • 29
  • 101
  • 149
81
votes
15 answers

mount.nfs: access denied by server while mounting on Ubuntu machines?

I have three machines in production - machineA 10.66.136.129 machineB 10.66.138.181 machineC 10.66.138.183 and all those machines have Ubuntu 12.04 installed in it and I have root access to all those three machines. Now I am supposed to…
arsenal
  • 3,053
  • 17
  • 44
  • 49
81
votes
2 answers

How to recover files I deleted now by running rm *?

By mistake I ran rm * on the current directory where I created many c program files. I had been working on these since morning. Now I can't take out again the time that I spent since morning on creating the files. Please say how to recover. They…
Ravi
  • 3,723
  • 13
  • 44
  • 66
80
votes
3 answers

Why is 'umount' not spelled 'unmount'?

I am wondering if there is any historical or practical reason why the umount command is not unmount.
uloBasEI
  • 3,007
  • 2
  • 21
  • 18
80
votes
9 answers

How to append date to backup filename

I need to make a backup of a file, and I would like to have a timestamp as part of the name to make it easier to differentiate. How would you inject the current date into a copy command? [root@mongo-test3 ~]# cp foo.txt {,.backup.`date`} cp:…
spuder
  • 17,643
  • 36
  • 91
  • 119
80
votes
4 answers

File Permissions mode ending in @ or +

I was changing file permissions and I noticed that some of the permissions modes ended in @ as in -rw-r--r--@, or a + as in drwxr-x---+. I've looked at the man pages for chmod and chown, and searched around different help forums, but I can't find…
Nathan
  • 903
  • 1
  • 7
  • 5
80
votes
4 answers

How to list processes locking file?

Using flock, several processes can have a shared lock at the same time, or be waiting to acquire a write lock. How do I get a list of these processes? That is, for a given file X, ideally to find the process id of each process which either holds, or…
Benubird
  • 5,752
  • 10
  • 36
  • 41
80
votes
3 answers

Which process has PID 0?

I'm looking for the process started in Linux which has process ID 0. I know init has PID 1 , which is the first process in Linux, is there any process with PID 0?
user9744
  • 711
  • 2
  • 8
  • 10
80
votes
4 answers

How to turn off the beep only in bash tab-complete

I find the beep useful for some things, so I only want to turn it off for tab completion (I'm not asking how to completely turn it off, that has already been answered in a different question on Serverfault). I also don't have root access, working on…
Shep
  • 991
  • 1
  • 8
  • 7